New English Words in the OED ‘A’

 


New English Common English
Aa n. River, Stream, Ea
Abb n. The woof or weft in web
Abbotric n. Abbacy, Abbotship
Abeilan vb. Vex, Offend
Abane vb. Put under church ban, Anathemtize, Summarily proclaim
Abed adv. Laid up; To bring-a-bed: to deliver of a child
Abede vb Announce
Abere adj. Clear & evident by proof, manifest, Notorious
Abere-murder n. Plain or downright murder; not manslaughter, unpremeditated killing or
chance-medley
Abide vb. Wait, Stay, Remain; Continue to be; Remain true to, Faithful;  Stand firm;
Put up with
Aboutwards adv, Being near to
Acale adj. Cold
Achoke vb. Suffocate
Acheless adj. Without ache or throb (cf. sickless)
Acome vb. Reach, Attain, Arrive
Acre breadth n. 4 poles or 22 yards
Acredale n. Land in common field
Acre length n. 40 poles or a furlong
Acreman n. Farmer, Husbandman, Cultivator, Ploughman, Till(er)man
Ad n. Fire, Blazing pile, Funeral pyre
Adawe vb. Put to death, Put out of existence, Kill, Execute
Adaw vb. Wake up, Arouse from dream, sleep or swoon
Adder n. A Serpent; The old serpent, the devil, viper
Adder’s bolt n. Dragon-fly; Adder’s fly
Addle n. Stinking liquid, Mire, Putridness. Also Addle-brain, Addle-head
Adeem vb. Judge;  Adeem lore: “the court”; Deemship or hood: “The Institution of the
Court”
Adeaden vb. Kill, Mortify,
Adeave vb Deafen, Strike deaf
Adighting n. Preparation, Preparing
Adownward n. Life’s latter days
Adree vb. Carry-on, Pass life, Endure, Bear, Last, Suffer
Adroff vb. To drive forth,off or away
Adrough vb. Dry-up, wither
Adwesch vb. Extinguish, Put out, Quench
Adwite vb. Accuse, Reproach
Ae (æ) n. River cf aa, ea
Ae (æ) n. Law of nature, God-hence legislation, rite; marriage,  cf
Aeubreche
Ae pref. Out of, Un, Less
Aerwene n. Hopelessness, Desperation (Wen:hope)
Aerwitt n. Witless, Unwise
Aeubreche n. Adultery
Afare vb. Depart
Afell vb. Strike down, Fell, Lay low
Affright vb. Frighten,Terrify
Afgod vb Idol, False god,
Afgodness n. Idolatry
Afore adv & prep. (Of place): In front of; (Of time): Before. Also Combinations:
Aforehand; Aforethought; Aforetime; Aforeward; Aforesaid.
Aforeness n. Pre-existence
Afounder vb. Disable, Make lame
Aft prep. Behind, In rear, Hind, Stern; 2. Earlier (of time)
After adj & adv. The second of two; Next; Later. Of place: nearer the rear, more aft.
Afterness, the quality of being after.  In
combination
: Aftercast: Experimental throw (second throw of the
dice);Afterbrain: the posterior lobe; Afterdeal; Afterglow; Afterwit,
Afterwort.
Aftercomer n. Successor
Aftermost adj Hindmost; Last in time;
Afterness n. Posterity, the quality of being after.
Afterworld n. Future, Afterlife, Other existence
Agilde vb. Without compensation, without execution of the weregild
Again adv. Back, Back to a former position in return, Anew, Once more, Once repeated,
Anything besides, On the other hand. In combination:
Againrise: rebel; Againsay: Speak against
Aget vb. Seize
Agin prep & conj. Against
Agraith vb. Prepose, Make ready, 2. Dress, Deck, Accoutre, 3. Make one self
ready
Agraithing vb..sb. Attiring, Dressing, Decorating
Agrise vb Quake, Abhor;  Horrify,to be horrified
Aguilt vb. Sin, Do  wrong, Declare guilty.
Ail vb. Bothers, Troubles, Ills, Indisposes
Ail n. Awn of the barley
Ait n. Islet, Eyot (in The Thames)
Aitland n. Island
Aken(ne) vb Reconnoitre, Recognise
Aken vb. Give birth
Akennedness n. Birth, Generation
Akenning n. Bearing, Generation, Birth
Alb n. White tunic worn by priests and unconsecrated kings
Alder n. Chief, Prince,Lord 2.Senior. Alderman, Aldermaness,
Aldermanship
.
Ale n. Beverage made from the infusion of malt by fermentation.
Alehoof n. The herb ground ivy Nepeta Glechoma.
Ale-House n. Tavern, Hotel
Alfet n. The cauldron used in the ordeal of scalding water.
Alight vb. Descend, Dismount, Get down, Chance upon
Alike adj. Similar, Like one another, Identical in form or character
Alise vb. Report, Name by report, allege by report, Rumour
Alithe vb. Go away, Pass by & on
Alithe vb. Dismember, Tear limb from limb
Allay vb. Lay down, set aside; overthrow (a principle)put down or repress; subside or
cease; become mild or abate.
All-fired adj. Infernal, Holocaustic
All-hallow n. All saints collectively
All-heal n. Panacea
All-hood n, Entirety
Allness n. Universality
Allover adv. Over the whole extent, absolutely. Cognate:
alloverish
All-utterly adv. Wholly, Absolutely
All-whole adj. Entirely
Almightiful n. Powerful
Almightihood n. Omnipotence
Aloath vb. Become loathsome, Cause disgust
Aloft adv. Up, as a star; above; in heaven; high above the earth, on high; on top; into
the air; on or to a higher part of the ship
Alow adj, Low, Low down; Antonym of aloft
Alreadiness n. State of complete readiness, fuly prepared
Altheodi n. Foreigner
Altheodish adj. Foreign
Altogetherness n. Unity of being, Wholeness
Alwayness n. Everlastingness, Eternal existence, Sempiternity
Alwise adj. In every way, In any way
Amber n. Pail, Bucket, Pitcher, Urn, Cask; Any vessel with one handle
Ambaht n. Hand-maiden, Bondservant, Servant
Ameed vb. Reform
Ameek vb. Make meek, Appease, Soothe
Ande n. Emotion or tendency of mind against emnity, rancour, hatred
Anders-meat n. Dinner (Aunders, Undern-meal)
Andseck(h) n. Denial, Abjurgation (O.E. “Seac”: strife, contention)
Andset(e) adj. Hostile, Set against, Hateful, Odious, Foeish, Enemy-like
Andswere n. Answer. Also Andwurde, Andwyrd
Anither vb Humiliate, Bring down, Reduce, Humble, Lower. Also Anither
Anewst adv. Near, Nigh At hand, In the neighourhood
Anewstfolk n. Neighour(s)
Ange n. Anguish, Affliction, Pain, Strait
Anget vb. Remember, Comprehend, Catch sense of, Understand, Recognize, Acknowledge,
Confess.  Also Angit & Angetness: Understanding, Reception,
Intelligence
Angild n. Lower payment (lawful) in atonement, and as compensation, for
injury
Anheat vb. Heat up or inflame
Anhigh vb. Make high, Exalt
Anim vb. Take, Take away
Anotherness n. Difference, Non-identity
Awhile adv. Atime
Anred adj. Having a simple aim, Constant, Steadfast. Also Anredeness,
Anredelessness, Anredly
Anstand vb. Withstand, Resist,
Answerlessly adv. Dumbfounded, Have no answer
Anweald n. Power
Afrith vb. Make peace
Aplight adv In truth, truly, Certainly, surely
Aqueath vb. Speak out, Respond, Echo
Aquell vb. Kill, Slay, Put an end to, Destroy
Aqueme n. Squirrel
Aquetch vb. To move quickly, Shake, Vibrate
Aquick vb Revive, Vivify, Resurrect, give life to
Arace vb Pull up, Snatch, Tear up, Uproot
Arede Vb Determine by counsel, Decree, declare by supernatural counsel, Divine,
Augur, Soothsay, Vaticanize, Prophesy, “In a general sense” Utter, Declare, Make
known, Tell, Ajudge, Decide, Interpret, Counsel
Aredde vb. Set free, Liberate, Deliver
Arepe vb. Take hold of, Seize
Arese vb. Shake violently
Arethede n, People of former times, of antiquity, The Eretheod, The
Erethede
Areward adv. Formerly, Before, Ereward
Arfname n. Inheritor, Heir
Argh-hood n. Cowardice, Timidness. Also Arghly, Arghness, Arghship, Arghth
Aright-half n. On the right side, Arightly
Arime vb. Count, Enumerate
Arine vb. Touch
Arist n. Sunrise; The act of arising, from a bed, a chair
Armthe n. Misery Pity, Wretchedness. Also: Armlich,
Armlike
Arval n. Funeral feat, Wake
Arvethness n. Difficulty, Trouble. Also: Arveth, Arvethlich, Arvethlike
Arworthly adv. Honourably, Reverently
Asad adj. Sated, Weary, Tired
Asake vb. Deny, Refuse, Renounce, Forsake
Asear vb. Dry up, Wither
Asench vb. Sink, Submerge, Cease
Ashend vb. Confound, Disagree, Curse, Reproach
Ashunch vb. Terrify, Frighten
Asideness n. State of being aside, Apartness, Isolation
Aslake vb. Become slack, feeble, Dimming, Less, Abating
Asnese vb. Impale, Gore, Stab
Aslant adv. Obliquely
Asterve vb. Die, esp. of hunger
Astint vb. Bring to a standstill
Astoniedness n. State of numbness, Stupor, Torpor
Asunderness n. Separateness
Aswelt vb. Perish, Die, Become extinct
Aswerve vb. Put to sleep, Stun, Put to death, Execute
Aswike vb. Cease, Desist, Fail, Give up
Aswind vb. Languish, Vanish,Perish
Aswink vb. Labour or toil for
Aswolkeness n. Sloth, Laziness
A’sye vb. Sink down, Set
Atblench vb. Escape
Atbraid vb. Snatch or draw away
A’tee vb. Drag or draw away
Atelich adj. Frightful, Horrible, Terrible, Hideous, Horrible, Ugly.
Also: Atelike, Atel, Attlelike
Atell vb. Count, Reckon
Atend vb. Set fire to, Kindle
A’tene vb. Vex, Irritate, Annoy
Atfare vb. Go away, Set forth, Escape, Flee, Atflee
Atfong vb. Seize upon, Atfang
Atfore adv. In front of
Athel adj. Good of family, Noble of birth, Eminent of things, of actions, character;
Noble, Excellent, Splendid
Atheling n. Member of nobility, Prince, Royal, Royal heir- apparent,
Athelmood n. Noble-minded
Athele vb. Honour, Dignify
Athester vb. Grow dim, Darken, Become obscure
A-this-half adv. On this side
Athold vb. Withstand, Keep back,
Atter n. Venom, esp that of a reptile; Gall; also fig: Foul matter, Pus,
Atter vb. Envenom, Poison
Attercop n. Spider; Venomous person
Attery adj. Mixed with gall, Purulent
Atwite vb. Cast imputation on, Reproach, Upbraid, Blame, Twit
Aught n. Possession, Property, 2. Livestock, Cattle 3. Anything owned
Aughtly adj. Worthy, Noble, 2. Doughty, Reliable
Aughtship n. Valour, Worth
Aweald vb. Have control of, Wield.  Also: Aweald, Awold
Awane adj. Waning, Diminishing
Awarie vb. Curse, Damn
Awaring n. Cursing, Damning
Awarp vb. Throw, Cast away
Awayward adj. Turned away, or in the other direction
Awede vb. Become mad, Furious, Frantic, Angry, lose one’s senses
Awedness n. State of being awed
Awhape vb. Amuse, Stupefy with fear, Confound utterly
Awhere vb. Vex, Trouble
Awherf vb. Turn away
Awhether adv. Nevertheless
Awhiles adv. At times, Whilom
Awlated adj. Disgusted
Awlench adj. Splendid
Awly adj. Awful,Dreadful, Terrible
Awrath vb. Make angry
Awreaking n. Revenge